Articles
A, An এবং The কে article বলে। কার্য ও উৎপত্তি অনুযায়ী ইহারা সাধারণতঃ
adjective tive হিসেবে পরিগণিত হয়। কারণ ইহারা Noun কে qualify (নির্দেশ) করে। তবে
adjective-এর সাথে article-এর পার্থক্য রয়েছে। যেমনঃ
(i) adjective-এর degree of Comparison আছে কিন্তু article-এর degree of
comparison নেই।
(ii) অধিকাংশ adjective predicate verb-এর পরে বসতে পারে। কিন্তু article
predicate হিসেবে বসতে পারে না।
Article দুই প্রকার।
(i) Indefinite (ii) Definite
Indefinite Article: A এবং An কে Indefinite Article বলে কারণ তারা কোন অনির্দিষ্ট
ব্যক্তি, প্রাণী ও বস্তুকে বুঝায়।
Singular Countable Noun-এর পূর্বে a/an বসে। অর্থগত দিক থেকে a এবং an এর
মধ্যে কোন পার্থক্য নেই। তবে ব্যবহারের দিক থেকে ইহাদের মধ্যে পার্থক্য রয়েছে। যেমনঃ'
He bought a pen. The boy took an egg.
Definite Article: The কে Definite Article বলে কারণ ইহা এক বা একাধিক বস্তু
বা প্রাণীকে নির্দিষ্ট করে বুঝায়।
Definite Article, Singular এবং Plural উভয় প্রকার Noun-এর পূর্বে বসে।
Uses of A and An
1. সাধারণতঃ শব্দের শুরুতে consonant থাকলে তার পূর্বে a এবং vowel (a, e,
i, o, u) থাকলে তার পূর্বে an বসে। a hen, a boy, a pen, an egg, an apple.
2. যদি শব্দের প্রথম অক্ষর । থাকে এবং তা যদি উচ্চারিত হয় তবে তার পূর্বে
a বসে এবং h উচ্চারিত না হলে তার পূর্বে an বসে। যেমনঃ a horse, a historian, an
honest man, an hour.
3.শব্দের শুরুতে যদি vowel বা vowels থাকে এবং তা যদি ইউ (u) এর মত উচ্চারিত
হয় তারপূর্বে a বসে। a ewe, a European, a uniform, a university, a useful metal,
a unique position.
4.O দিয়ে গঠিত সমস্ত শব্দের পূর্বে an বসে। শুধুমাত্র one যুক্ত শব্দের পূর্বে
a বসে। যেমনঃ an open field, an open heart surgery, an opera, an orange, a
one-taka notę, a one-eyed man.
5. সংক্ষিপ্ত শব্দের (abbreviation) প্রথম অক্ষর Vowel-এর মত উচ্চারিত হলে
তার পূর্বে an বসে। যেমনঃ an M. A., an F. R. C. S., an F. C. P. S.
কিন্তু সংক্ষিপ্ত শব্দের (abbreviation) প্রথম অক্ষর Consonant-এর মত উচ্চারিত
হলে তার পূর্বে a বসে। যেমনঃ a B. A., a B. A. G., a B. Sc.
Other uses of A.
and An
1. এক জাতীয় সকলকে বুঝাতে singular common noun-এর পূর্বে indefinite
article (a/an) বসে। যেমনঃ A dog is a faithful animal. An ant is industrious.
এভাবে singular common noun-এর পূর্বে ব্যবহৃত a/an কে Generalising A বা
An বলে।
2.নির্দিষ্ট কোন ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুকে না বুঝিয়ে একটি ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুকে বুঝায়
এমন noun-এর পূর্বে indefinite article a/an) বসে। যেমন: He bought an ice-cream.
I live in a tiny room.
3.The same (একই), a certain (কোন এক) ইত্যাদি অর্থ প্রকাশ করতে singular
common noun-এর পূর্বে a/an বসে। যেমনঃ
Criminals are of a (the same) character.
They are men of a (the same) profession.
There lived a (a certain) king.
4. কখনও কখনও Preposition অর্থে a ব্যবহৃত হয়, তখন সেই 'a' কে Disguised
Preposition বলে। যেমন: The king went a (on) hunting
5. Plural Noun-এর পূর্বে few, little, good many, lot of, great many, good deal ইত্যাদি ব্যবহৃত হলে তাদের পূর্বে 'a' বসে। যেমনঃ He earns a lot of money. There is a little water in the glass. There are a few apples on the table. He lived a great many years. King Solomon had a great deal of money.
6. সংখ্যাবাচক expression যেমনঃ couple, dozen, score (20), hundred,
thousand, million, এর পূর্বে, 'a' বসে। যেমনঃ He earns a hundred taka a day.
They sold a dozen pens. At least a million of people attended the meeting.
7. Exclamation বুঝাতে what, how, such ইত্যাদির পরে a বা an বসে। যেমনঃ
Such a long queuel What a pretty girll How nice a bird! ইত্যাদি।
8. কিছু কিছু Phrase-এর পূর্বে a/an বসে। যেমনঃ In a body, in a hurry, in
a nutshell, in a fix, in a temper, to take an interest.
9. Singular common noun-এর পূর্বে quite, many, rather, but, more, not ব্যবহৃত
হলে সে noun-এর পূর্বে a/an বসে। যেমনঃ Gulliver's Travels is quite an
Interesting book. Mr. Khan is rather a gentleman. You are but a child. Not a
rickshaw is seen on the road.
10. Adjective-এর পূর্বে so, too ইত্যাদি থাকলে ইহাদের পরে a/an বসে। যেমনঃ
This is too serious a matter for him to overlook. Iron is so useful a metal.
The horse is faithful an animal.
11. তুলনা অর্থে Proper Noun যখন Common Noun হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয় তখন ইহার পূর্বে
a/an বসে। যেমনঃ Nelson Mendela is an Abraham Lincoln in his ideals. I see you
are a Wordsworth.
12. Abstract Noun যখন Common Noun-রূপে ব্যবহৃত হয় তখন তার পূর্বে a/an বসে।
যেমনঃ Helen was a beauty.
13. many এবং such এর পরে singular Common Noun ব্যবহৃত হলে ইহার পূর্বে
a/an বসে। যেমনঃ Many a boy was present in the meeting.
14. Mr/Mrs/Miss-এর পূর্বে a বসে যেমনঃ A' Mr. Rahman called at my
office. A Mrs. Shamima sought his help.
Ommission of A/An
1.খাবারের (meals) পূর্বে a/an বসে না। তবে খাবারের (meals) পূর্বে
Adjective বসলে a/an বসে।
Incorrect: We have a breakfast at 7 a. m.
Correct: We have breakfast at 7 a. m.
Incorrect: We had good breakfast yesterday. Correct: We had a good
breakfast yesterday.
2. Plural Noun-এর পূর্বে a/an বসে না। যেমনঃ Roses are beautiful. Horses
are useful.
3. Uncountable Noun হিসেবে গণ্য advice, information, news, baggage,
luggage ইত্যাদি এর পূর্বে a/an বসে না। যেমনঃ My teacher gave me good advice.
The police failed to get correct information regarding the murder.
4. water, milk, oil, ink, hydrogen, tea, paper ইত্যাদি uncountable
noun-এর পূর্বে a/an বসে না। যেমনঃ We write on paper. We take tea. Milk is
nutritious food.
তবে Uncountable Noun-এর সঙ্গে কিছু measure words (পরিমাপ করা যায় এমন শব্দ)
যোগ করা হলে তাদের পূর্বে a/an বসে। যেমনঃ Give me a glass of water.
5. Abstract Noun-এর পূর্বে a/an বসে না। Kindness is a great virtue.
Uses of Definite
Article: The
1. নির্দিষ্ট করে বুঝায় এমন Common Noun-এর Singular ও Plural উভয় Number-এর
পূর্বে The বসে। যেমনঃ The boys are playing. The girl is reading. এক্ষেত্রে ব্যবহৃত
The কে Defining "The" বলে।
2. এক জাতীয় সকলকে বুঝাতে Singular Common Noun-এর পূর্বে, the বসে। যেমনঃ
The cow is a useful animal. The rose is a nice flower. এ অর্থে ব্যবহৃত the কে
Generalising "The" বলে। এ অর্থে The-এর পরিবর্তে প্রদত্ত Common Noun-টির
Plural ব্যবহার করা যায়। The horse is a faithful animal or A horse is a faithful
animal or Horses are faithful animals. মানবজাতি বুঝাতে Man ও Woman এর পূর্বে
the বসে না।
Incorrect: The man is mortal.
Correct: Man is mortal.
3. নদী, সাগর, উপসাগর, মহাসাগর, পর্বতশ্রেণী, দ্বীপপুঞ্জ, জাহাজ ইত্যাদি নামের
পূর্বে The বসে। যেমনঃ The Andamans, the Himalayas, The Pacific ইত্যাদি।
কিন্তু একটি মাত্র পর্বত ও দ্বীপ বুঝালে তার পূর্বে The বসে না। যেমনঃ
Sandwip, Hatia, Mount Everest.
4. ধর্মগ্রন্থ ও পত্রিকার নামের পূর্বে The বসে। যেমনঃ The holy Quran,
the Observer.
5. একক বস্তু যেমন- পৃথিবী, সূর্য, চন্দ্র, পূর্ব, পশ্চিম, উত্তর, দক্ষিণ ইত্যাদি
শব্দের পূর্বে The বসে। যেমনঃ The sun, The earth, The moon, The polestar. এক্ষেত্রে
ব্যবহৃত the কে Familiar "The" বলে।
6. বর্ণনামূলক বা অর্থপূর্ণ ভৌগলিক নামের পূর্বে The বসে। যেমনঃ The U. S.
A. The Punjab, the U.S. S. R.
7. তারিখের নামের পূর্বে "The" বসে। যেমনঃ The 10th of
November, the 26th March.
8. Possessive Adjective-এর পরিবর্তে Common Noun-এর ক্ষেত্রে The The ব্যবহৃত
হয়। যেমনঃ He struck me on the (my) head. The teacher pulled the boy by the
(his) ear.
9. জাতি ও সম্প্রদায়ের নামের পূর্বে The বসে। যেমনঃ The English, the
rich, the poor, the plous, the Muslims.
Note: জাতি ও সম্প্রদায় Plural Common Noun হয় এবং তার পরে Plural Verb ব্যবহৃত
হয়।
10. Superlative Degree-এর Adjective-এর পূর্বে The বসে। He is the best
boy in the class.
11. দুইয়ের মধ্যে তুলনা বুঝাতে Adjective-এর Comparative Degree-এর পূর্বে
The বসে। যেমনঃ Ruba is the better of the two girls.
12.যত তত বুঝাতে Adverb রূপে ব্যবহৃত Comparative Degree-এর পূর্বে the বসে।
যেমনঃ The sooner, the better.
13. যে সকল Noun দ্বারা বৃত্তি বা পেশা বুঝায় সেই Noun-এর পূর্বে the বসে।
যেমনঃ He joined the army.
14. Ordinal Number যখন অক্ষর দ্বারা লেখা হয় তখন তার পূর্বে the বসে। যেমনঃ
Edward the seventh, George the sixth. Note: ordinal number যখন Roman figure দ্বারা
লেখা হয় তখন ordinal number-এর পূর্বে the লিখতে হয় না। কিন্তু পড়ার সময় the পড়তে হয়।
যেমনঃ Omar II (Omar the second)
15. কোন Abstract quality বুঝাতে উক্ত adjective-এর পূর্বে the বসে। যেমনঃ
People love the brave.
16.কোন নির্দিষ্ট ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুর গুণ বুঝাতে Abstract Noun-এর পূর্বে
the বসে। যেমনঃ The courage of Richard is known to all.
17. Common Noun বা Adjective যখন Abstract idea বুঝায় তখন উক্ত common
Noun বা Adjective-এর পূর্বে the বসে। যেমনঃ The mother (motherly affection) rose
in her. The fox (cunningness) was found in him.
18. একই গুণসম্পন্ন দুই ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুর সহিত তুলনা করা হলে যার সাথে তুলনা
করা হয় তার পূর্বে the বসে। যেমনঃ Nazrul is the Shelly of Bengal.
19. Material Noun-এর পূর্বে the বসে না। তবে কোন নির্দিষ্ট স্থানের বা নির্দিষ্ট
প্রকারের পদার্থ বুঝালে Material Noun এর পূর্বে the বসে। যেমনঃ The perfume of
Saudi Arabia is famous.
20. প্রসিদ্ধ ঐতিহাসিক নামের পূর্বে the বসে। যেমনঃ Ibrahim Lodi was
defeated in the battle of Panipath.
21.Proper Noun-এর পূর্বে Adjective থাকলে উক্ত Adjective-এর পূর্বে the বসে।
যেমনঃ The great Omar was the second Caliph of Islam.
22. Singular designation (পদবী/উপাধি এর পূর্বে the বসে। যেমনঃ The
President, the Prime Minister, the Headmaster,
23. কোন Noun যখন Superlative-এর গুরুত্ব বুঝায় তখন তার পূর্বে the বসে। যেমনঃ
Michael Jackson is the singer of the day. Humayun Ahmed is the novelist
of the day.
24.Plural পরিবারের নামের পূর্বে the বসে। যেমনঃ The Mughals, The
Pathans, The Khans.
25'কোন Adjective/Adjective Phrase বা Adjective Clause দ্বারা কোন Common
Noun কে নির্দিষ্ট করা হলে তার পূর্বে the বসে। যেমনঃ The man who came here
yesterday is my friend. The man in white dress is known to me.
26. সংখ্যা প্রকাশক যে word একটা unit অর্থে বসে; যেমনঃ He sells mangoes
by the hundred. The man buys eggs by the score. বিঃ দ্রঃ By the dozens, by the
scores, by the hundreds বলা ভুল।
27. Proper Noun-এর পরে কোন epithet (গুণবাচক শব্দ) যুক্ত হলে সেই epithet
এর পূর্বে the বসে। যেমনঃ Alexander the great was a brave warrior.
28. Musical instruments-এর পূর্বে the বসে। যেমনঃ He plays the piano.
29.Choir, orchestra এবং pop group এর পূর্বে the বসে। The Miles, The
Abba.
30.দুই বা ততোধিক অবিবাহিত বোনের নিকট লিখিত চিঠির উপর একত্রে সম্বোধন করলে
তার পূর্বে the বসে। Structure: The Misses + Surname: The Misses + Khan.
31.কিছু Phrase-এর পূর্বে the বসে। যেমনঃ He is on the brink of ruin. I
am in the wrong.
32.কতিপয় Collective Noun-এর পূর্বে the বসে। যেমনঃ The elite, the
peasantry, the audience ইত্যাদি।
33.Adjective-যুক্ত কতিপয় Proper Noun বা Noun + of + Proper Noun-এর পূর্বে
The বসে।
Omission of
Article
1. বিখ্যাত গ্রন্থের ক্ষেত্রের লেখকের নাম গ্রন্থের পূর্বে থাকলে the বসে না।
কিন্তু লেখকের নাম পূর্বে না থাকলে the বসে। যেমনঃ The Agnibina of Nazrul or
Nazrul's Agnibina.
2. bed, mosque, church, hospital, prison, school, college, university,
court ইত্যাদি স্থানগুলো যদি সাধারণ অর্থে (primary purpose) ব্যবহৃত হয় বা পরিদর্শন
করা হয় তখন এদের পূর্বে the বসে না।
The national zoo at Mirpur, the National Science Museum, the fort of
Lalbag.
After I leave school, I want to go to college (as a student). Mr. Rahim
is in prison for a murder (as a prisoner). Mr. Karim goes to mosque on Friday
(normally a muslim goes to mosque) কিন্তু উপরোক্ত স্থানগুলো যখন বিশেষ উদ্দেশ্যে
পরিদর্শন করা বা ব্যবহৃত হয় তখন এদের পূর্বে the বসে। যেমনঃwent to the school to
meet his son's teacher (not as a pupil). Mr Rahim went to the prison to see
Karim. (as a visitor, not as a prisoner.)
3. Home-এর পূর্বে যদি descriptive word বা phrase না থাকে তাহলে তার পূর্বে
the বসে না। যেমনঃ We went. home. He is at home.
কিন্তু home শব্দটির পূর্বে description word বা phrase ব্যবহৃত হলে home এর
পূর্বে the বসে। We arrived at the bride's home, For some four or five years
this was the home for the queen..
4. ঋতুর নামের পূর্বে the বসালেও চলে না বসালেও চলে। যেমনঃ The rain has
set in. It dews in winter.
5.রাস্তা, এ্যভিনু, স্কয়ার, পার্কের নামের পূর্বে the বসে না। যেমনঃ In
the morning I go to the Bahadurshah
park. He bought a shop in park street. কিন্তু রাস্তার নামের শেষে road শব্দটির
উল্লেখ থাকলে তার পূর্বে the বসে। যেমনঃ He bought a shop on the
6. সাধারণতঃ Proper, Abstract, Material Plural Common Noun-এর পূর্বে the
বসে না। Dhaka is a populous city. Forgiveness is a great virtue. Iron is a
useful metal. Cows give us milk. কিন্তু Plural Common Noun নির্দিষ্ট করে বুঝালে
তার পূর্বে the বসে। যেমনঃ The women in the hall are all in red sharee. The
flowers in his garden (not flowers in general) are fine.
Note: Proper Noun-এর পূর্বে পদবীবাচক শব্দ থাকলে তার পূর্বে the বসে। The
poet Nazrul is our pride. The-caliph Omar was a great ruler.
Abstract Noun দ্বারা গুণ না বুঝিয়ে এ গুণ বিশিষ্ট ব্যক্তি বুঝালে অথবা ঐ গুণের
ধরণ বুঝালে উক্ত Abstract Noun-এর পূর্বে the রসে এবং তার Plural-ও হতে পারে। যেমনঃ
Nazrul is the glory of Bangladesh. The crimes committed by the rulers are
unpardonable.
7. Proper Noun-এর পূর্বে Common Noun বসে যদি তা Adjective-রূপে কাজ করে তবে
তার পূর্বে Article বসে না। যেমনঃ Principal Jalaluddin was a man of strict
principles.
8. Pronominal Adjective Numeral Adjective যখন কোন Common Noun-কে
qualify করে তখন উক্ত Common Noun-এর পূর্বে the বসে না। যেমনঃ This is my book.
Each boy has a separate room.
9. Rank (পদবী)/ Profession (পেশা) জাতীয় Common Noun যখন কোন Proper
Noun-এর Apposition-রূপে ব্যবহৃত হয় তখন তার পূর্বে the বসে না। যেমনঃ Dr. Enamul
Haque, Vice-Chancellor of Jahangir Nagar University, was a scholar.
10. সম্বোধন পদরূপে ব্যবহৃত Common Noun-এর পূর্বে the বসে না। যেমনঃ Boys, you are the future leaders of the country.
11. ভাষার নামের পূর্বে the বসে না। যেমনঃ English is an international
language, কিন্তু ভাষার পরে Language শব্দটি থাকলে উক্ত ভাষার পূর্বে the ব্যবহৃত হয়।
যেমনঃ The English language is very interesting to learn.
12. হ্রদের নামের পূর্বে the বসে না। যেমনঃ Lake Superior, Lake Baikal,
Lake Caspian.
13. দিন বা মাসের নামের পূর্বে the বসে না।
14. রোগের নামের পূর্বে the বসে না। যেমনঃ Cholera has broken out in the
village. ব্যতিক্রমঃ The gout, the measles, the mumps.
15. Factitive verb যেমনঃ nominate, elect, select, make, appoint, crown,
choose প্রভৃতি Verbগুলোর Complement এর পূর্বে article বসে না। যেমনঃ We made him
chairman. They elected me captain. কিন্তু Complement-টি নির্দিষ্ট করে বুঝালে তার
পূর্বে the বসে। যেমনঃ We made him the captain of the team.
16. Allah or God-এর নামের পূর্বে article বসে না। যেমনঃ Allah has
created this earth.
17. শরীরের অঙ্গ-প্রতঙ্গ এবং পোশাক-পরিচ্ছদ ইত্যাদির পূর্বে the বসে না। কারণ
তারা Possessive Adjective। যেমনঃ Raise your left hand. He took off his shirt.
18. খেলার নামের পূর্বে the বসে না। যেমন- He plays football.
19. Possessive Case-এর পরে কোন Noun থাকলে তার পূর্বে the বসে না। যেমনঃ
It is my book.
20. ভ্রমণ সম্পর্কিত যানবাহন বা ভ্রমণ পথের পূর্বে article বসে না। যেমনঃ
by bus, by train, by launch, by air, by sea, by water, by river ইত্যাদি।
21. Phrase-এ ব্যবহৃত কোন কোন singular common noun-এর পূর্বে article বসে
না। যেমনঃ learn by heart, take offence ইত্যাদি।
He went there on foot. A begger begs from door to door.
Repetition of
Articles
যেমনঃ The Headmaster and secretary is present in the meeting (একই ব্যক্তি)।
The Headmaster and the secretary are present in the meeting. (ভিন্ন ব্যক্তি)।
3. Singular Noun-এর পূর্বে দুই বা ততোধিক Adjective থাকলে ইহাদের প্রত্যেকটির পূর্বে the বসে। কিন্তু Noun-টি Plural হলে শুধু প্রথম Adjective-টির পূর্বে the বসে।
I have read the fourth and the fifth chapter of the book.
I have a few books. (অল্প সংখ্যক বই)
I have the few books. (অল্প সংখ্যক বই তবে তার সবগুলো)
I have little rice. (চাল নাই বললে চলে)
I have a little rice. (সামান্য চাউল)
I have the little rice. (সামান্য চাউল তবে সবটুকু)।
তুলনা বুঝাতে দুটি Npun যদি একই ব্যক্তিকে নির্দেশ করে তাহলে প্রথম Noun-টির পূর্বে article বসে। কিন্তু Noun দুটি যদি দু'জন ভিন্ন ব্যক্তিকে নির্দেশ করে, তবে প্রত্যেকটি object-এর পূর্বে article বসে। যেমনঃ She is a better singer than dancer. (একব্যক্তি) She is a better singer than a dancer. (ভিন্ন ব্যক্তি)।
Exercise
1.Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
(a/an/the) as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article. Put a
cross (x) in those blanks: [D. B. 2019]
(a)____ parliament house of Bangladesh is (b)_____ building. In fact,
it is (c)_____ of (d)_____ It is (f)_____ exquisitely designed wonder of modern
architecture and technology. It is one world. maintenance cost of the largest
and most spectacular parliament buildings in (e)_____ highly expensive
building. (g)_____ parliament house is about 50 million taka per year. An
American architect (h)_____Louis I Kahn designed this (i)_____ comes to visit
the building. building. Everyday many (j)_____visitor
(2.) Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
(a/an/the) as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article. Put a
cross (x) in those blanks: [С. В. 2019]
An honest man is true to his (a) words. He does not deviate from (b)
path of honesty. He knows that true happiness consists of (c) honesty. He does
not fall victim to (d) greed. He does not hanker after (e). worldly property.
(1) honest man abstains him from corruption. He does not mix with (g) corrupted
people. He is (h) man who tries to get pleasure from good deeds. (i) greed for
wealth does not touch him. People should follow the path of (j) honest people
of the society
3. Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article. Put a cross (x) in
those blanks: [R. B. 2019]
The national flag represents (a) independence of (b) country. Ours is
(c) independent country. Hence, we have a national flag symbolizing our
Independence. (d) cloth of a national flag is made of (e) cotton, silk or
linen. Our flag is rectangular in shape maintaining (f) ratio of its length and
breadth 10:6. There are different sizes of national flag. The background of our
flag is green which symbolizes our life and energy. In the middle point of the
flag there is (g) blood-red circle representing our hard struggle and
blood-shed. (h) red circle also represents role the heroic blood-shed of (i)
------- martyrs. The natiorial flag plays (j) vital role in the life of a
nation.
4.Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
(a/an/the) as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article. Put a
cross (x) in those blanks: [J. B. 2019]
Industry is (a) key to success in our life. (b) industrious can prosper
In life. (c) man who does not undertake (d) hard work can never go (e) long way
in (f world. Many (g) man is not aware of (h) - significance of (i) diligence
for which they cannot reap (j) benefit of success
5.Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
(a/an/the) as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require articles. Put a
cross (x) in those blanks: [S. B. 2019]
I have (a) uncle who has just retired from (b) army. He used to be (c)
---ABI agent, and, everybody says he has been an honest man all his life. As a
child, I loved him for his stories. He once told me that he met (d) one-eyed
alien from (e) -- space. (f) alien did not need any oxygen. And it did not have
(g)-----nose. I now understand that it was (h) hard story to believe. I am not
sure he was telling me (i) truth. May be he is not so (j) honest, after all.
6.Use articles where necessary. Put a cross (x) where
article is not needed: [B. B. 2019]
Mr. Bright is (a) European. As he is (b) Englishman, he knows (c)
English well, He is (d) honourable to everyone though he is (e) one-eyed man.
Oneday having (f) SOS, he went to (g) USA. His brother, Johnson living there
joined (h) Army last year. He is (1) younger of the two brothers. When Mr.
Bright met his brother, he could not but shed (j) tears.
7.Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
(a/an/the) as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article. Put a
cross (x) in those blanks:- [Ctg. B. 2019]
What is patriotism? It is (a) noble virtue. It inspires (b) man to
dedicate his life to the freedom and development of his (c) country. (d) man
without patriotism is no better than (e) beast. A true patriot is honoured by
(f)----- his countrymen. He thinks for (g) -betterment of his country. On (h)
contrary. (i) unpatriotic man thinks only of his own interest. Those who die
for (j) --country are true patriots .
8.Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
(a/an/the) as necessary. Some of theblanks may not require an article. Put a
cross (x). in those blanks: [Dnj. B. 2019]
Childhood or boyhood is (a) man's, formative period. During this period
(b) child receives training from its mother. (c) - mother's tender heart always
looks to (d)---welfare and well-being of (e) child. If during this period (f)
mother tries to bring (g) child up carefully and according to her (h) best
ideas (i) child is sure to grow with its superiors, parents and teachers and
love (j) all irrespective of caste, creed and colour .
9. Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
(a/an/the) as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article..
Bangladesh is (a) independent country We won freedom on (b) December
16, 1971. This freedom was won as (c) result of great sacrifice. (d) great many
people laid down their lives for (e ) freedom of the country. (f) man who loves
his country, is (g) patriot (h) real patriot loves his country more than his
life. Being patriot, we all should try to make (i) effort for the welfare and
(j) progress of our motherland.
10. Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
(a/an/the) as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article. Put a
cross (x) in those blanks:- [HSC. Exam. 2018]
William Shakespeare was born on April 23, 1564 in (a) village of
Stratford-on-Avon in (b) ---- country of Warwickshire. His father John
Shakespeare was (c) farmer's son who came (d) Stratford about 1531, and began
to prosper as (e) trader in corn, wheat, leather and agricultural products. His
mother Mary Arden was(f) daughter of (g) prosperous farmer, descended from (h)
old family of mixed Anglo-Saxon and Norman blood. It is generally believed that
neither (i)----poet's mother nor his father could read or write. In 1582,
Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway, the daughter of (j) peasant family. She was
eight years older than Shakespeare.
11. Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
(a/an/the) as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article. Put a
cross (x) in those blanks: [D. B. 2017)
It is (a) noble virtue. It inspires (b) man to dedicate his life to the
freedom and development of his (c) country. (d) man without patriotism is no
better than (e) beast. A true patriot is honoured by (f)----- his countrymen.
He thinks for (g) -betterment of his country. On (h) contrary. (i) unpatriotic
man thinks only of his own interest. Those who die for (j) --country are true
patriots .
12. Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
(a/an/the) as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article. Put a
cross (x) in those blanks: [С. В. 2017]
In (a) last 25 years (b) world has lost one-third of its natural
wealth, according to (c) international conservation organization world wild
fund. (d) -..-.-.- earth's forest, wetlands, seas and coasts are in (e) worse state today than
they were before. Forests are cut down. Moreover, they are being burnt
indiscriminately resulting in (f) Increase in carbon-di-oxide and ultimately in
(g) level rising as a consequence of global warming. It is anticipated that
(h) new century will face (1)
catastrophe. water
13. Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article. Put a cross (x) in
those blanks: [R. B. 2017]
Truthfulness is (a).. greatest of all (b) virtues which makes (c) man
really great. If we do not cultivate the habit of speaking (d) truth, we cannot
command (e) confidence of others. (f) man whom nobody believes can never be
great in life. We might succeed once or twice by telling (g) lie but it never brings
a good result. (h) lie never lies hidden. Today or tomorrow it comes to light.
Then (i) real character of (1j) liar is revealed and nobody believes him.
14. Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
(a, an, the) as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article. Put a
cross (x) in each blank :- [J. B. 2017]
The process of learning may very well be compared to (a) undertaking of
a journey. The learner or the student is (b) journey taker or traveller. Just
as a traveller has to undergo all (c) botherations of buying his ticket,
booking his baggage, showing up his ticket, taking core of things, boarding a
train or a bus and suffering tedious Journey to reach his (e) so a learner has
to manage his learning affair himself. It is (f) destination, labourious
process labour for him and no one else can undertake (h) every other item of
(d) and no one can do (g) ---- journey for another. There is no trick or magic
in it. It cannot be acquired at second hand. Just as a traveler, he can enquire
here and there in case of doubt and difficulty. However, the journey is (i) -
passenger's own concern. In (j) same way, learning is entirely the concern of
the student or the learner.
15. Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article. Put a cross (x) in
those blanks: [S. B. 2017]
Robi is (a) indigent boy. He comes of (b) --------- needy family. But
he is diligent and upright. He has (c) unique vision for life. He believes that
honesty is (d) key to success. Moreover, he has (e) deep sense of patriotism.
Being imbued with these ideals, he shapes (f) dream of his life. From (g) dawn
to dusk, he works hard. He never squanders time, wastes money and dissipates
(h) apex of success. We need (i) energy. His only aim is to reach (j) ideal boy
like Robi.
16.. Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
blanks may not require an article. Put a cross (x) in those blanks: [B. B.
2017]
Truthfulness is (a).. greatest of all (b) virtues which makes (c) man
really great. If we do not cultivate the habit of speaking (d) truth, we cannot
command (e) confidence of others. (f) man whom nobody believes can never be
great in life. We might succeed once or twice by telling (g) lie but it never
brings a good result. (h) lie never lies hidden. Today or tomorrow it comes to
light. Then (i) real character of (1j) liar is revealed and nobody believes
him.
17. Fill in the blanks with articles. Use a cross (x) mark
where an article is not necessary:-[Ctg. B. 2017]
'Rifle Roti Aurat' Is (a) first Bengali novel on (b) Liberation war of
Bangladesh. This unique novel is written by Anwar Pasha, (c) - professor of
Bangla department at Dhaka university. He wrote this (d) -------- novel between
April and June in 1971. The main characters in this novel is Sudipta Shaheen
who shares his dream of (e) new country. Professor Anwar Pasha was picked up
from his Dhaka university residence two days before (f) victory. Sensing
Imminent defeat, the member of (g) notorious killing squad Al-Badr picked up
(h) novelist Anwar Pasha and many other intellectuals and brutally killed them.
According to (i) Banglapedia around 991 academics, 13 Journalists, 49
physicians, 42 lawyers, and 16 other intellectuals were killed during (j)
liberation war of Bangladesh.
18. Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
(a/an/the) as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article. Put a
cross (x) in those blanks: [Dnj. B. 2017]
What (a) surprise it was! Robin got (b) first prize in (c) competition.
I was really (d) - amazed, at his success. Of course he was trained by (e) --
expert coach for (f) time. He always obeyed (g) Instructions given by (h)
coach. Even he was not found outside (i) camp during practice session (j) boy
like him is always appreciated by the people..
19. Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
(a/an/the) as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article. Put a
cross (x) in those blanks. [D. B. 2016]
Michael Madhusudan Dutt was (a) popular 19th century Bengali poet and
dramatist. He was born in (b) Sagardari on (c) bank of (d) Kopotaksho river,
(e) -----village in Keshobpur Upazilla under Jessore district. From (f) early
age, Dutt aspired to be (g) Englishman in form and manner. Though he was born
in (h) sophisticated Hindu family, he took Christianity arousing (i)
development of Bengali literature. anger of his family. He contributed much to
(j)
20. Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
(a/an/the) as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article. Put a
cross (x) in those blanks: [С. В. 2016]
My mother is (a) Ideal housewife. She is (b) affectionate lady. She
manages (c) family very nicely. She hopes to see me happy at (d) cost of her
own life. She does not enjoy (e) wink of sleep if I fall sick. She is very
kind to (f) poor. She is also (g) very
religious lady. She advises us to follow ( h) path of truth and honesty. (i)
woman like her is very rare. She bears a good moral (j) character.
21. Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
(a/an/the) as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article. Put a
cross (x) in those blanks: [R. B. 2016]
Every student wants to do better in (a) examination. But it is not (b)
easy work. (c) student has to do something for this. From (d) ------very
beginning he must be serious. He should read (e) texts again and again. He must
not memorize (f) answer without knowing the meaning. He must not make notes
from (g) common source. He should have a good (h) command over English. By
doing all these things (i) student can hope to make a good (j) result.
22.Fill in the blanks in the following texts with articles
(a/an/the) as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article. Put a
cross (x) in those blanks. [J. B. 2016]
Literacy as (a) skill was first institutionalized in Mesopotamia,
Syria, Egypt and China soon after (b) art of writing was invented. Education
then was not for (c) general people but (d) privilege for (e) chosen (f) few
who took on strategic roles in (g) running of (h) state and in religion. In
Greece, education became more widespread in about the 5th century BC. (i)
Greeks, however, sent only their (j) male children to school.
23. Fill in the blanks in the following texts with articles
(a/an/the) as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article. Put a
cross (x) in those blanks:- [S. B. 2016]
Kamal is (a) HSC examinee this year .He is not (b) attentive to his
lessons. He is very weak in (c) English. Moreover he is (d) lazy. So his he.
preparation in English is not good. (e) ------- month ago before his
examination he managed (f) short suggestion and learnt it. On (g)........ day
of examination started for the examination hall (h) examination hall with (i)
--------trembling heart. bit earlier. He entered (j)
24. Fill in the blank with articles. Use cross (x) mark
where an article is not necessary:- [B. B. 2016)
Once there lived (a) poor Cobbler. He had (b) rich neighbour. (c) neighbour possessed (d) ill-health. So, he
was (e) man. He was always (f)unhappy man. Once he used to think (g) richest
men to be (h) Idea was wrong. happlest men in (i) world. But his (j) angry
25. Fill in the blanks in the following text with articles
(a, an, the) as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article. Put a
cross (x) in those blanks. [Ctg. B. 2016]
There is a saying that sincerity is (a) key to success. (b) prosper in
life by doing hard work. The man who does not follow (c) sincerity can never go
(d) person can rules of long way in (e) world. Many (f) man is not conscious of
(g) Importance of (h) sincerity for which they don't have we should be sincere
to (i) benefit of (j) success. However,our work if we want to achieve anything
notable.
26. Fill in the blanks in the following texts with articles
(a/an/the) as necessary. Some of the blanks may not require an article. Put a
cross mark (x) in those blanks: [Dnj. B. 2016]
(a) morning walk is a good habit for all classes of people. It is (b)
simple exercise and good for health and (c) mentality. In the morning (d) air
is fresh and free from any kind of noise and pollution. This pure (e)
environment makes an effect on (f) -----walker's health and mind. When (g) man
enjoys (h) beauties and solemnity of (i) nature in (j) morning.
